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Distributive number
In linguistics, more precisely in traditional grammar, a distributive number is a word that answers "how many times each?" or "how many at a time?", such as ''singly'' or ''doubly''. They are contrasted with multipliers. In English, this part of speech is rarely used and much less recognized than cardinal numbers and ordinal numbers, but it is clearly distinguished and commonly used in Latin and several Romance languages, such as Romanian.
==English==
In English distinct distributive numbers exist, such as ''singly'', ''doubly'', and ''triply'', and are derived from the corresponding multiplier (of Latin origin, via French) by suffixing ''-y'' (reduction of Middle English ''-lely'' > ''-ly''). However, this is more commonly expressed periphrastically, such as "one by one", "two by two"; "one at a time", "two at a time"; "in twos", "in threes"; or using a counter word such as "in groups of two" or "two pieces to a …". Examples include "Please get off the bus one by one so no-one falls.", "She jumped up the steps two at a time.", "Students worked in the lab in twos and threes.", "Students worked in groups of two and three.", and "Students worked two people to a team."
The suffixes ''-some'' (as in ''twosome'', ''threesome'') and ''-fold'' (as in ''two-fold'', ''three-fold'') are also used, though also relatively infrequently. For musical groups ''solo'', ''duo'', ''trio'', ''quartet'', etc. are commonly used, and ''pair'' is used for a group of two.
A conspicuous use of distributive numbers is in arity or adicity, to indicate how many parameters a function takes. Most commonly this uses Latin distributive numbers and ''-ary'', as in ''unary'', ''binary'', ''ternary'', but sometimes Greek numbers are used instead, with ''-adic'', as in ''monadic'', ''dyadic'', ''triadic''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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